Spectral Noise of Sensors for Diagnostic Stica of a Railway Mobile Composition

Abstract

Wide dynamic and frequency ranges, a low noise level allow the use of piezoelectric accelerometers as universal sensors for monitoring and diagnosing the vibrational state of nodes of a promising railway motor carriage. The electronic noise of the measuring channel of the vibration parameters depends not only on the noise of the directly sensitive element, the piezocrystal, or the MEMS accelerometer, but also on the further processing of the signal, primarily on the operation of the analog-to-digital converter. A comparative analysis of the electronic noise level of the vibration parameter measurement channel for piezoelectric and MEMS accelerometers is carried out taking into account the influence of the analog-to-digital converter. 12-bit, 16-bit and 24-bit ADCs in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio can be used to control the vibration parameters of the main and auxiliary nodes of the MVPS, bearing nodes of traction motors, wheel-motor block of electric trains. The best ADC for measuring vibroparameters can be considered a 16-bit ADC, but a 12-bit ADC can be used, since it also meets the requirements of the standard. The electronic noise level of a 12-bit ADC meets the requirements of “Russian Standard ISO 16063-1-2013”. The signal-to-noise ratio is within 70 dBFS, the electron noise density is within 100 µg.