Abstract
Batch machines are actively used in industry and energy. Internal combustion engines are a prime example of such machines. A feature of the operation of engines is that a certain amount of the working fluid is supplied to the working chamber, and upon completion of the process, the combustion products are removed from the chamber. Therefore, the aeromechanics of pulsating gas flows in the exhaust system significantly determines the efficiency of the engine. A distinctive feature of the processes in the exhaust system is their high dynamics (high-frequency pulsations due to the operation of valves with external disturbance from the turbine blades of the turbocharger). The article describes laboratory equipment (piston engine model), measuring system (main sensors and determined physical quantities) and data processing methods (spectral analysis). The boundary conditions during experimental studies are described. The aeromechanical characteristics of non-stationary flows in the exhaust system of the engine with and without a turbocharger are compared. Qualitative and quantitative differences in aeromechanics and thermophysics of processes in exhaust systems of various configurations are shown. A method for aeromechanical improvement of the exhaust system by creating an ejection effect is proposed. It was found that the ejection effect in the exhaust system of the engine leads to stabilization of the flow, an increase in air consumption by 6-12% and an improvement in reliability indicators by 1.11-1.74%.
Highlights
Batch devices are widespread in industry and energy
It was found that the ejection effect in the exhaust system of the engine leads to stabilization of the flow, an increase in air consumption by 6-12% and an improvement in reliability indicators by 1.11-1.74%
The working process in the reciprocating internal combustion engines (RICE) is carried out in the cylinder, into which the working fluid is supplied through the intake system, and the exhaust gases are removed from the cylinder through the exhaust system
Summary
The principle of operation of these devices is that a portion of the working fluid is introduced into the chamber, work is carried out inside, and the exhaust gases are removed from the chamber upon completion of the process. The working process in the RICE is carried out in the cylinder, into which the working fluid is supplied through the intake system, and the exhaust gases are removed from the cylinder through the exhaust system. A number of articles on the creation of mathematical models of gas flows in exhaust systems can be distinguished [6,7,8]
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