Spectral absorption coefficient of photosynthetically active pigments in the equatorial Pacific Ocean (165°11–150°W)

Abstract

Spectral absorption coefficients of total particulate material and detritus were measured throughout the euphotic zone along the equator between 165°E and 150°W and during time-series for each of these two longitudes in October 1994 (JGOFS-FLUPAC cruise). The sum of pigments obtained by spectrofluorometry (tChla=DV−chla+Chla) was used for normalization (and was also compared to fluorometric and HPLC measurements as an intercalibration study). In order to assess the specific absorption coefficient of photosynthetically active pigments (aps) from the pigment-specific absorption coefficient for phytoplankton ( a ph *), we made a multiple regression analysis of measured phytoplankton absorption spectra onto published in vivo spectra of pure pigments. This made it possible to calculate the concentrations of photoprotective carotenoids (tPPC) when HPLC measurements were not available and thus to subtract their contribution to absorption from the total phytoplanktonic absorption coefficient ( a ph). Methodological uncertainties in both coefficients used for calculating absorption coefficients and in pigment measurements are discussed. Pigments and absorption measurements made during the cruise enabled us to describe two typical trophic regimes in the equatorial Pacific ocean: oligotrophic waters of the ”warm pool“ west of 170°W and high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll waters (HNLC) of the upwelling east of 170°W. The vertical decreasing gradient of a ph * from the surface to the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) was due to a high tPPC/tChla ratio at the surface and was higher in the oligotrophic (0.14-0.065 m 2 mg (tChl a) −1 biomass dominated by Prochlorococcus, rich in zeaxanthin) than in the mesotrophic area (0.07-0.06 m2 mg (tChl a)-' biomass dominated by picoeucaryotes). Below the DCM, a ph * reached a similar minimum value in both oligotrophic and mesotrophic areas. a * ps varied less than a * ph from the surface layer to the DCM in both oligotrophic and mesotrophic areas. The difference in a * ph and a * ps from west to east of the transect could be interpreted as a shift in the phytoplankton composition, with a dominance of procaryotes in the west and a dominance of eucaryotes in the upwelling area. Higher aps in well-lit typical oligotrophic waters indicated that phytoplankton communities dominated by Proclorococcus might be more efficient for capturing light usable for photosynthesis than those present in the HNLC situation.