Abstract
Speckle suppression is one of the most important tasks in the image transmission through turbid media. Insufficient speckle suppression requires an additional procedure such as temporal ensemble averaging over multiple exposures. In this paper, we consider the image recovery process based on the so-called transmission matrix (TM) of turbid media for the image transmission through the media. We show that the speckle left unremoved in the TM-based image recovery can be suppressed effectively via sparse representation (SR). SR is a relatively new signal reconstruction framework which works well even for ill-conditioned problems. This is the first study to show the benefit of using the SR as compared to the phase conjugation (PC) a de facto standard method to date for TM-based imaging through turbid media including a live cell through tissue slice.
Highlights
Coherent waves propagating through a turbid medium experience multiple scattering and the output waves have various propagation directions and phases
It has been demonstrated that the computational phase conjugation (PC) through estimation in the TMbased approach can reverse the multiple scattering from the turbid media both in the image recovery and the wavefront shaping; and the use of the PC is common for speckle suppression in the transmission matrix (TM)-based approach [1,3,4,5,6,7,8]
We aim to reduce the speckle in the TM-based recovery process for high resolution imaging through a turbid medium
Summary
Coherent waves propagating through a turbid medium experience multiple scattering and the output waves have various propagation directions and phases. PC compensates the phase variations due to multiple scattering in turbid media by recording the SFs and backpropagating the complex conjugates of them through the media so that the phase variations are cancelled This PC can be done virtually through computational estimation in digital signal processing rather than through optical compensations if the so-called transmission matrix (TM) [3] whose columns are the output SFs of the medium for a set of input basis waves is available. It has been demonstrated that the computational PC through estimation in the TMbased approach can reverse the multiple scattering from the turbid media both in the image recovery and the wavefront shaping; and the use of the PC is common for speckle suppression in the TM-based approach [1,3,4,5,6,7,8].
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