Abstract

Analysis of chromosomal DNA by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is used in many areas of biological research as well as in clinical cytogenetics. A major advantage of this method for the clinical applications is that chromosomal changes can be diagnosed not only on metaphase chromosomes but also in interphase nuclei (see Figure 1 and Chap. 12). Thus, the analysis is not dependent on the preparation of metaphase chromosomes, which are often difficult or impossible to obtain. Furthermore, preparation of metaphase chromosomes often requires stimulation of cells by mitogens. Such mitogenic stimulation frequently results in selective growth of a subset of cells in the sample. This may lead to the diagnosis of chromosomal aberrations that do not reflect the composition of the tumor in vivo.

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