Specifying architecture of knowledge graph with data graph, information graph, knowledge graph and wisdom graph

Abstract

Knowledge graphs have been widely adopted, in large part owing to their schema-less nature. It enables knowledge graphs to grow seamlessly and allows for new relationships and entities as needed. Knowledge graph has become a powerful tool to represent knowledge in the form of a labelled directed graph and to give semantics to textual information. A knowledge graph is a graph constructed by representing each item, entity and user as nodes, and linking those nodes that interact with each other via edges. Knowledge graph has abundant natural semantics and can contain various and more complete information. Its expression mechanism is close to natural language. However, we still lack a unified definition and standard expression form of knowledge graph. We propose to clarify the expression of knowledge graph as a whole. We clarify the architecture of knowledge graph from data, information, knowledge, and wisdom aspects respectively. We also propose to specify knowledge graph in a progressive manner as four basic forms including data graph, information graph, knowledge graph and wisdom graph.