Specifics of the Development of the Ethno-National Space of Modern Russia as a Factor in Nation Building: A Strategic Situational Analysis

Abstract

Introduction. In Russia, the problem of interaction and search for balance in the ‘center – periphery’ system is considered to be common and is an impulse to socio-economic differentiation. However, no less important is the factor in multi-ethnicity, which organizes the space of Russia into a set of interconnected individual locations associated with certain ethnic groups. Features of the ethno-national space largely determine the (in)stability of the development of the state, which increases relevance of research in this field. The objective of this piece of research is to analyze the specifics of development and the potential of the ethno-national space of modern Russia as a factor in nation building. Materials and Methods. Strategic situational analysis (the SWOT analysis technique) was used as the main method, which makes it possible to consider the subject field, relying on factors that capture the dynamics of the current situation. Results. The authors have identified the historical and genetic, legal, institutional, managerial, programmatic, ethno-mental and other factors that comprehensively characterize the modern ethno-national space of Russia as a complex system that translates the essence and nature of the relationship between ethnic groups within the state. The identified factors have been evaluated in terms of strengths or weaknesses, opportunities or threats. A SWOT matrix has been developed, stating the prevalence of weaknesses and threats; in accordance with this matrix, development risks that can accelerate negative ethno-national processes have been identified. Discussion and Conclusion. On the whole, the ethno-national space of Russia has a contrasting nature: some factors simultaneously relate to both the strengths and weaknesses of the SWOT matrix. There has been a decrease in the acuteness of ethno-national problems in society as well as a reduction in the proneness to conflict and interethnic discord. The main conflicts and protests have been localized within the socio-political sphere, the electoral issues being their catalyst currently. The results of the study can be used by state executive and administrative bodies to improve the ethno-national sphere, to adjust certain areas of ethno-national policies and spatial development in the context of nation building.