Abstract
UDK 631.4(497.6)
 The diversity of soils and climate in the Neretva and Trebišnjica River Basin spreads from the lower, higher, high to very high zone over 2,000 meters above sea level. The most important agricultural land is in river valleys and karst poljes of belonging zones. Ameliorative systems are mostly out of function while actual systems are comprised of very intensive farming; vegetable growing, modern fruit plantations on the open field and protected areas (greenhouses), but also of the low-intensity farming system in a mountainous area. The current climate changes obviously are not a temporary phenomenon, but are a specific one; there are no more “dry” or “rainy years” as it was in the past -now we have both in the same year. In spring, the soil needs quick and efficient drainage of the sufficient water by drainage system, but in dry – vegetation period, compensation of water deficiency by irrigation is needed. Therefore, today's generation of decision-makers and users of soil as a public treasure cannot avoid the question as to which soil/land areas and at which way to focus investments. We propose the construction of multi-purpose water accumulation, to collect (excess) precipitation in autumn-winter season for irrigation in dry summer vegetation period, but it is necessary to focus land management on (pedo) biological properties and activity.
Highlights
AND OBJECTIVE OF RESEARCHImportant territory of agro sphere of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) is the Neretva and Trebišnjica River Basin with associated karst poljes
Very useful were results obtained in research of Livanjsko polje (Čustović, Bašić, 2009; Čustović, Herceg, 2013), and data on policy of nature protection in B&H (Herceg et al, 2010)
The mentioned indicates that vegetation periods with temperatures above 5, 10, and 15°C in Mostar prolonged respectively by 10, 14, and 13 days in the recent period compared to past century
Summary
Important territory of agro sphere of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) is the Neretva and Trebišnjica River Basin with associated karst poljes. The second largest watercourse of B&H is the Trebišnjica River 96.5 km long, having the spring on the foot of Vlajinja mountain near Bileća on 392 m.a.s.l., naturally sinks in ponor of Popovo polje and flows into the Adriatic Sea, and partly flows underground to Hutovo blato and Neretva River. The objective of research was to define and explain two specific soil-related services in environmentally sensitive area of Neretva and Trebišnjica River Basin: much more known food- and less known non-food or ecosystem-regulatory roles or services of soil. The special aim was to define water balance and requirements tendencies of requirements of water for irrigation in conditions of intensive agriculture of low (5-100 m.a.s.l.), higher (100-300 m.a.s.l.) and high karst poljes (300-700 m.a.s.l.), as well as low intensity farming systems of very high poljes (more than 700 m.a.s.l.) and surrounding area
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