Abstract
We analyze numerous examples of bulk degradation of structural materials (steels of oil and gas mains, oil storage tanks, connecting pipes of oil and hydraulic systems, and the bodies of oil cracking reactors) and the role played by working media in these processes. We present general regularities of the variation of mechanical, corrosion, and corrosion-mechanical properties of metals in the course of long-term operation and discuss the applicability of electrochemical methods to the analysis of the state of degraded materials. According to the modes of operation, all objects are split into low-temperature (normal conditions) and high-temperature objects (corresponding to the temperature of creep).
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