Specific characteristics of international election standards

Abstract

The article is devoted to study the legal nature of international election standards and their varieties. The work notes that international election standards stem from international legal standards and are characterized by significant diversity, which is associated with multi-faceted, multi-level, multi-subject, multi-subject cooperation of members of the international community in various spheres of life. Attention is focused on the fact that in the science of constitutional law there is no single approach to the specific characteristics of international election standards, therefore, an author's approach to identifying the grounds for their classification has been developed. It is justified that international election standards can be classified according to the criteria of the characteristics of the international acts in which they are enshrined, in particular: depending on the legal nature and specialization of the international acts, which contain international election standards, they are divided into general and specialized standards; on action in space on universal and regional international election standards; according to the nomenological-object feature, they are classified into international election standards of election principles, international election standards of election financing, international election standards of pre-election campaigning (mass media coverage of election campaigns), etc.; depending on the action against a certain circle of persons, international election standards relating to an undefined circle of subjects and international election standards relating only to certain subjects of the election process are distinguished; in terms of legal significance, international election standards are formally binding and recommendatory (the so-called "soft" law); according to their branch, they are classified into constitutional-legal, financial-legal, criminal-legal, etc.; by the external form of fixation - to those international election standards fixed in declarations, international pacts, conventions, recommendations, conclusions, codes, etc.; according to the degree of recognition of the content, international election standards are basic and additional, clarifying in nature; by structure - simple and complex. It is noted that the characterized type characteristic of international election standards is general, it does not exclude other types of them, which is related to the diverse legal nature of the specified standards.