Abstract
Enterovirus infections of humans are common [31], with the majority being asymptomatic [6]. These viruses, particularly the coxsackieviruses group B (CVB) are associated with diseases of the heart [26, 27], with acute myocarditis occurring in up to 5% of infected individuals [26, 40]. Neonatal myocarditis is a severe disease and contributes to mortality in infants and young children [6, 26, 27]. Among the CVB, coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is most frequently associated with acute myocarditis [34]. Acute disease can progress to chronic myocarditis, and clinical laboratory data suggest that some cases of chronic disease develop into idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy [26, 27, 33, 35].
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