Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida spp among Superficial Candidiasis in Outpatients at RMCH

Abstract

Background: The increase in the incidence of fungal infections, especially those caused by Candida albicans and non albicans Candida species, necessitates the understanding and treatment of Candida-associated infection. Due to frequent use of antifungal drugs, a shift is observed towards non-albicans Candida species and change in the pattern of susceptibility of antifungal drugs. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the Candida species from different superficial candidial infections in adult patients and to observe their antifungal susceptibility patterns. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was performed over a period of one year in at tertiary care hospital that involved 180 patients. The candidial species were isolated, their antifungal susceptibility patterns were determined from vaginal swab, oral swab and skin appendages. Results: Commonest age group involved was of 30-39 years age (30%, 54/180). Among 67 culture positive samples,C. albicans was the most common isolates and found in 39/67(58.21%) cases. Non-candidal species likeC. tropicalis and C. kruseiwere isolated in16/67(23.88%), 09/67 (13.43%)cases respectively. Caspofungin was found to be the most sensitive and fluconazole was found to be the least sensitive antifungal drugs. Non-albicansCandida species showed more antifungal resistance than C. albicans. Conclusions: Candida albicans were predominant isolated from the superficial candidial infection but C. tropicalis was the most frequently isolated among non albicans species. They showed a wide range of susceptibility towards different antifungal agents and fluconazole was found to be less sensitive drugs. TAJ 2023; 36: No-2: 93-100