Speciation of nitrogen in wastewater by flow injection

Abstract

A rapid method for the sequential determination of nitrite, nitrate and total nitrogen is proposed. Nitrite was determined directly by using the Griess reaction, which was also used to quantify nitrate after reduction to nitrite with hydrazine. For total nitrogen determination, the nitrogen-containing compounds (organic substances and nitrite and ammonium ions) were oxidized photochemically using a UV lamp and converted into nitrate, which was then reduced to nitrite and determined spectrophotometrically. Under the optimized conditions, up to 220 µmol l–1 N-NO2– and 240 µmol l–1 N-NO3– can be determined, the detection limits being 2 µmol l–1 N-NO2– and 8 µmol l–1 N-NO3–. The relative standard deviation for nitrite and nitrate are 1.5 and 2.3%, respectively. The photo-oxidation method for total nitrogen determination has a linear range of 30–1000 µmol l–1 N, with a relative standard deviation of 3%. The proposed method was applied to the determination of nitrate, nitrite and total nitrogen in wastewaters.