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Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific membrane-lined channels that connect neighboring cells across the cell wall and are indispensable for intercellular communication, development and defense against pathogens. They consist of concentric membrane tubules of the plasma membrane (PM) on the outside and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) on the inside. The biophysical properties and molecular composition of both membranes are most likely distinct from the respective bulk membranes with which they are continuous. This specialization of PD membranes is expected to guarantee not only the compartmentalization of PD-related function but also to accommodate the requirement for highly curved
Highlights
Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific membrane-lined channels that connect neighboring cells across the cell wall and are indispensable for intercellular communication, development and defense against pathogens
The PD-plasma membrane (PM) contains a different set of proteins than the PM outside the channels and does not permit free diffusion of membrane components between cells, indicating that it is laterally segregated from the bulk PM and forms a membrane microdomain
They found the PM to consist of ∼75% liquid-ordered (Lo) and 25% liquid-disordered (Ld) sub-resolution microdomains and postulate that small changes in lipid phase distribution can induce rapid large-scale changes in protein geometry of the PM when a lipid phase switches from being the “island” to the “percolating” phase and vice versa
Summary
Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific membrane-lined channels that connect neighboring cells across the cell wall and are indispensable for intercellular communication, development and defense against pathogens. The PD-PM contains a different set of proteins than the PM outside the channels and does not permit free diffusion of membrane components between cells, indicating that it is laterally segregated from the bulk PM and forms a membrane microdomain (or several).
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