Abstract
Special Thai oolong tea is oolong tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) steamed with selected Thai botanical drugs. Oolong tea steamed with ginger (Zingiber officinale), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), and celery (Anathallis graveolens L.) is called eternity tea (EN), whereas peaceful rest (PR) tea is made of oolong tea leaves steamed with Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica), Turkey berry (Solanum torvum), and wild betel leaf bush leaves (Piper sarmentosum). Oolong tea is known for its numerous biological activities including antidiabetic properties. However, the effect of the additional botanical drugs on the biological activities of special oolong teas has not yet been explored. From the results, the PR extract exhibited the best activity in the in vitro assays relevant to antidiabetic properties such as chemical antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-adipogenesis, enzyme inhibition, and glucose uptake and consumption. The UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS profiles of PR and EN extracts indicated chemical profiles different from oolong tea. For instance, gingerdiol and gingerol were detected in EN, whereas piperettine I was detected in PR. Therefore, it was inferred that among the three tea extracts, the additional compounds in PR contributed to good activities compared to oolong and EN. It is also important to highlight that the PR extract inhibited glucose uptake and consumption by adipocytes and skeletal muscles at concentrations of 500 and 100 μg/ml, respectively, as well as metformin activity (p < 0.05). Findings from this study support the antidiabetic potential of PR tea.
Highlights
The incidence of unhealthy lifestyle-derived diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases has increased yearly
Data are represented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). p ≤ 0.05 is statistically significant
Hyperglycemia is a serious problem for diabetic patients; inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes is useful for the control of hyperglycemia
Summary
The incidence of unhealthy lifestyle-derived diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases has increased yearly. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia is a major cause of blindness, kidney failure, and lower limb amputation, whereas the unnecessary expansion of adipose tissue causes metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. T2D is a Prescreening-Based Subset Selection complex multifactorial disease resulting from the imbalance of sugar homeostasis. High blood sugar or hyperglycemia could result from insulin resistance or pancreatic cells not producing enough insulin to accommodate the sugar level in the blood. The impaired glucose homeostasis led to free radical production and inflammation. Pathophysiological pathways associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetes mellitus indicate the progress of the disease (Lima et al, 2021)
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