Abstract
According to the latest report (2014) of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise unabated and trends in emissions under a variety of future scenarios all indicate that it will be difficult to affect a turnaround to reduce emissions. Given this situation, the role of environmental management by industries and corporations in dealing with global warming is becoming increasingly important (Kanie and Managi 2014). Industrial ecology is a discipline that employs an engineeringand economics-based approach to examine environmental burdens and identify effective reduction measures while considering whole product life cycles—from the inputs and outputs associated with the various raw materials and parts needed to manufacture the product, to the delivery and use of the product by consumers, and finally, to the disposal and recycling of the product (Ayres and Ayres 1998; Graedel and Allenby 2003; van den Bergh and Janssen 2004).
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