Abstract
The optimal approach to the diagnosis and management of asthma and rhinitis in pregnant and elderly patients requires knowledge of some special considerations. Asthma course may worsen or improve during pregnancy. Conversely, uncontrolled asthma may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Step therapy for gestational asthma so as to maximize maternal and fetal health is described. The most common causes of rhinitis during pregnancy are allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, rhinitis medicamentsosa and vasomotor rhinitis. Asthma appears to be underdiagnosed in the elderly. Management must take into account concomitant conditions, especially fixed airway obstruction and cardiovascular disease. The most common causes of nasal symptoms in senior citizens appear to be rhinorrhea secondary to cholinergic hyper-reactivity, congestion associated with anti-hypertensive therapy and sinusitis.
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