Speaking to or for the world? Britain, presumed authority and world opinion at the start of the First World War

Abstract

Abstract Britain in 1914 was the world’s leading power, the only nation with global responsibilities and authority. However, this authority was presumed, and the First World War rapidly highlighted limits. Even before the country’s dependence on U.S. finance, British appeals to ‘world opinion’ suggest recognition that British authority no longer ordered world affairs. While speaking for the world by asserting world opinion, Britons also spoke to it, officiously demanding action and appealing to world, especially U.S., opinion. This article closely explores one collection featuring such appeals, arguing 1914 already reflected the transition from presumed pre-eminence to a time when Britain needed, and sought, the world’s help.