Abstract
Remote sensing application is one of the best data to observing spatial and temporal situation on earth surface. Application of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer) are use for spatial and temporal analysis of rainfall and sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly over Indonesia in 2010. Spatial and temporal rainfall and SST anomaly data is important, especially during El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Modoki events, because has wide effect of social and economy in Indonesia. Monthly rainfall data measured by the TRMM 3B43 over the course of 13 years and Monthly SST collected by the MODIS was employed to analyze anomaly of rainfall and SST over Indonesia during ENSO Modoki Event in 2010. In spatio-temporal seen confirmed during ENSO Modoki in 2010 indicate an anomaly has occurred on rainfall and SST over Indonesia. The result shows that increasing of rainfall anomaly begin from April in Nusa Tenggara archipelago and eastern of Java and finish in November in those region. Meanwhile, analysis result of MODIS satellite data for SST anomaly is shown at the beginning of 2010, SST anomaly begin occurred in western of Indonesia and the biggest was happen in southern of Indonesia at August to September and finish at November. Spatio-temporal analysis TRMM dan MODIS data shows that increasing of SST anomaly could affect increasing of rainfall anomaly in those same regions excepted in January to March.
Highlights
The world ocean plays an important role in the earth climate
The aims of this research are to know spatial pattern of rainfall and sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly during ElNino Southern Ocilation (ENSO) Modoki Event in 2010 using remote sensing application (TRMM and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)) and to describe the spatial-temporally pattern of the linked between SST and rainfall anomaly in Indonesia sea in 2010
Rainfall anomaly in Indonesia region occurs during southeast monsoon
Summary
The world ocean plays an important role in the earth climate It is absorbs heat from the sun, but plays a major role in rainfall variability in Indonesia. Monsoonal activity and regional topography play an important role in macro and micro scale of rainfall variability (Aldrian and Djamil, 2008; As-syakur et al, 2013). ElNino Southern Ocilation (ENSO) which consist El-Nino and La Nina event, for example, is an anomally that effect rainfall variability in global and regional scale (Lou et al, 2010). La Niña causing sea-surface temperatures below to average in the center of Pacific Ocean commonly occur following an El Niño and appear to be associated with weather events opposite that of El Niño (As-syakur et al, 2014). El Niño (La Niña) Modoki is characterized by warm (cool) waters in the central Pacific and cool (warm) waters in the eastern and western parts of the basin (Feng and Li, 2011; Xie et al, 2014)
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