Abstract
The aggravating deforestation, industrialization, and urbanization are becoming the principal causes for environmental challenges worldwide. As a result, satellite-based remote sensing helps to explore the environmental challenges spatially and temporally. This investigation analyzed the spatiotemporal variability in land surface temperature (LST) and its link with elevation in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LST data (2001-2020) were used. The pixel-based linear regression model was used to explore the spatiotemporal variability of LST changes. Furthermore, Sen's slope and Mann-Kendall trend test were used to determine the magnitude of temporal shifts of the areal average LST and evaluate trends in areal average LST, respectively. Coefficient of variation (CV) was also used to analyze spatial and temporal variability in seasonal and annual LST. The seasonal LST CV varied from 1.096-10.72%, 0.7-11.06%, 1.29-14.76%, and 2.19-10.35% for average autumn (September to November), summer (June to August), spring (March to May), and winter (December to February) seasons, respectively. The highest inter-annual variability was observed in the eastern, northern, and south-western districts than that in the other parts. The seasonal spatial LST trend varied from -0.7-0.16, -0.4-0.224, 0.6-0.19, and -0.6-0.32 for average autumn, summer, spring, and winter seasons, respectively. Besides, the annual spatial LST slope varied from -0.58 to 0.17. Negative slopes were found in the central, mid-western, and mid-northern districts in annual LST, unlike the other parts. The annual variations of mean areal LST decreased insignificantly at the rate of 0.046°C year-1 (P<0.05). However, the inter-annual variability trend of annual LST increased significantly. Generally, the LST is tremendously variable in space and time and negatively correlated with elevation.
Highlights
Anthropogenic activities are becoming the principal cause for increasing greenhouse gases which results in a devastating environmental problems
This study evaluated the spatiotemporal discrepancies of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and its link with elevation using a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LST dataset (2001-2020) in Amhara region
The results pointed out that LST is enormously variable in space and time
Summary
Anthropogenic activities are becoming the principal cause for increasing greenhouse gases which results in a devastating environmental problems. The growing increment in population leads to increasing deforestation, forest degradation, agriculture, urbanization and industrialization. This event has extensive effect on ozone depletion which in turn boosts land surface temperature (LST). A significant amount of natural and plantation forests, shrub lands and croplands are destroyed and replaced by artificial impervious surfaces which could be the source of an enormous environmental influences on this planet 2018; Jiang et al, 2015). This situation causes a fall in evapotranspiration through photosynthesis, increase in run-off and LSTs which in turn increases the occurrence of
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