Abstract
The dockless bike-sharing (DLBS) system serves as a link between metro stations and travelers’ destinations (or originations). This paper aims to uncover spatio-temporal usage patterns of dockless bike-sharing service linking to metro stations for supporting scientific planning and management of the dockless bike-sharing system. A powerful visualization tool was used to analyze the differences in usage patterns in workdays and weekends. The travel distance distributions of using dockless bike-sharing near metro stations were investigated to shed light on the service area of the dockless bike-sharing system. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering was applied to analyze differences in usage patterns of metro stations located in different areas. The results show that the usage patterns of dockless bike-sharing on weekends are different from those on workdays. The average travel distance using the dockless bike-sharing system at weekends is significantly larger than that of workdays. The travel distance distribution could be nicely fitted by the Fréchet distribution of the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution family. The usage characteristics of shared bikes are correlated with land use and population density around metro stations. No matter in urban or suburban areas, there is a great demand for bike-sharing in densely populated areas with intensive land development, such as university towns in suburban areas. This study improves the understandings regarding the usage patterns of the DLBS system serving as a link between the final destinations (or originations) and metro stations. The results can be helpful to the operation and demand management of DLBS.
Highlights
Environment-friendly bike-sharing systems (BSSs) have rapidly developed and serve as an important contribution to solve first-and-last mile problems [1]
For the scientific planning and operation of the bike-sharing system, it is essential to investigate the spatio-temporal usage patterns of the dockless bike-sharing system and the usage patterns of dockless bike-sharing service linking to the metro station
Through the land-use features gained from the Amap website, we explore the influences of land use on the usage pattern of dockless bike-sharing (DLBS) linking to metro stations
Summary
Environment-friendly bike-sharing systems (BSSs) have rapidly developed and serve as an important contribution to solve first-and-last mile problems [1]. The dockless bike-sharing (DLBS) system is promoted by transportation managers and practitioners because of its advantages regarding little noise and air pollution [2] and improving the accessibility of public transportations [3,4,5]. As a type of free-flowing transportation shared bikes of DLBS systems can be an important part of the trip chain to make up for the shortcomings of public transport. Over 1,700,000 dockless shared bikes were operated in Shanghai [7]. The explosion of dockless shared bikes has created problems. Many people use shared bikes to get around, or even as a part of their commutes.
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