Abstract
The Changzhutan region in the north-central part of Hunan Province in China has experienced a rapid urbanization in the past few decades that has led to substantial changes in its environment. In 2007, the National Development and Reform Commission of China designated the metropolitan district of Changsha City, Zhuzhou City, and Xiangtan City of this region as the fourth National Demonstration Area where economic development should be implemented in harmony with resource-saving and environment-friendly land use practices. The research, focus of this article will be on quantifying the spatial pattern of urban land use change which not only can provide an assessments and predictions of future environmental effects, but also will serve as a scientific basis for the development of urban sustainability. This paper integrates historical Landsat TM imagery, geographical information system (GIS) and socioeconomic data to determine the spatiotemporal urban land use dynamics and conversion of land use in response to the rapid urbanization of a select group of cities in China from 1990 to 2007. The approach is based on Principle Component Analysis to determine and model the relationship between the socioeconomic factors and land use/cover change (LUCC) for identifying the driving forces. The results indicate that land cover of the Changzhutan region mainly consists of forestland and cropland which accounted for about 93% of the total land area. During the 1990-2007 study period, the urban areas and water bodies increased by 46,297 ha and 775 ha, respectively, while forestland, cropland, and grassland decreased appreciably by 22,580 ha, 21,808 ha, and 5618 ha, respectively. Moreover, the urban land area during the 2000-2007 period increased by five times as much as that during the 1990-2000 period. The land use dynamic degree of Changsha City is the largest one followed by that for Xiangtan and Zhuzhou Cities. During this study period, the land use comprehensive intensity index increased and followed the sequence Xiangtan > Changsha > Zhuzhou. The changes were attributed to economic development, population growth, infrastructure improvements and construction, and land use policies. To address the negative or eco-environmental deleterious effects of these changes, landscape ecology plan, population growth control, and the development of an ecological friendly agriculture were suggested.
Highlights
A major goal of today’s geographers is to better understand how land use change affects and shapes the environment
The results indicate that land cover of the Changzhutan region mainly consists of forestland and cropland which accounted for about 93% of the total land area
The data indicated that land cover in the Changzhutan region mainly consisted of forestland and cropland which accounted for about 93% of the total land area
Summary
A major goal of today’s geographers is to better understand how land use change affects and shapes the environment. Land use/cover change (LUCC) is an important parameter in assessing regional and global environmental changes It affects the quality of human life and socioeconomic development [1,2]. The increased urbanization and the use of modern technologically agricultural practices, while increasing the supplies of material goods in the short term, may potentially undermine in the long run the environmental quality of the urban system at regional scales [4]. This may come about by excessive use and frequent contamination of surface and ground water, the production of greenhouse gases and other air pollutants, and land transformation that devastates biodiversity and ecosystem services [5]. The protection of the Chinese urban ecological environment is a great challenge in the era of rapid economic development
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