Abstract
The distinct characteristics of urban and non-urban land cover usually results with a positive difference in surface temperatures and is referred to as the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. This paper assesses the spatio-temporal formation of UHI and land surface temperatures (LSTs) in Izmir, Turkey, situated in a Mediterranean climate region. LSTs were obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua and Terra over the period 2000 – 2015. UHI intensity was examined using the temperature differences between urban and non-urban areas and non-parametric Mann-Kendall (M-K) test to identify trends in LSTs and UHI intensity. The results indicate that day-time UHI is higher at Izmir with a seasonal variation. M-K test of LSTs shows increasing trends in nighttime temperatures for both urban and non-urban areas especially for winter and spring.
Highlights
The ever-growing expanse of urban areas increases anthropogenic impacts on the environment
urban heat island (UHI) intensity is higher at daytime (Figure 3) whereas there is some seasonal variation (Figure 4)
Higher UHI intensity was observed on spring and summer day-time Aqua (14:00) averages with an urban – non-urban difference of 2.82°C
Summary
The ever-growing expanse of urban areas increases anthropogenic impacts on the environment. Some of these impacts are favorable while some have adverse effects to the inhabitants. Among these environmental changes, the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is probably one of the more prominent ones. The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is probably one of the more prominent ones It refers to the positive difference in air and surface temperature between an urban area and its non-urban surroundings [1]. UHIs affect the energy consumption [3] and the health of the cities’ inhabitants in terms of thermal comfort [4] and it is crucial to understand the characteristics of air temperature variation of urban and surrounding areas
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