Spatio-Temporal Salt Ponds in Madura Island in 2009-2019 for Managing Sustainable Coastal Environments

Abstract

The salt pond ecosystem has a very important ecological function, especially for the coastal region of Madura. One of the ecological functions of the salt pond is supporting the economy of the community. The purposes of this study are: (1) To determine changes in salt ponds in Madura Island in the last 10 years (2009-2019) based on remote sensing data and Geographic Information System; (2) To make a simulation of structuring the Salt Pond area on Madura Island in the management of a sustainable coastal environment. This type of research is a descriptive-analytic survey method using remote sensing data and Geographic Information System. The object of the study is the Tambak Garam (salt pond) area in Madura Island focusing on Sampang Regency, Pamekasan Regency, and Sumenep Regency. Data collection techniques carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. Changes in Salt Ponds data analysis were carried out using remote sensing data extraction method with true-color image input and NDVI. The results show that the area of salt ponds decreased from year to year in the district of Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep. Management intensification using more modern technology is done to increase production in the declining salt pond areas. Salt production runs optimally if it is carried out in coastal areas with sloping morphology and soil that is not porous in the form of clay soil, which does not absorb seawater. Sloping morphology was chosen to support the entry of seawater into salt pond plots that use tidal power.