Abstract
We present evidence of Kelvin excitations in space-time resolved spectra of numerical simulations of quantum turbulence. Kelvin waves are transverse and circularly polarized waves that propagate along quantized vortices, for which the restitutive force is the tension of the vortex line, and which play an important role in theories of superfluid turbulence. We use the Gross-Pitaevskii equation to model quantum flows, letting an initial array of well-organized vortices develop into a turbulent bundle of intertwined vortex filaments. By achieving high spatial and temporal resolution we are able to calculate space-time resolved mass density and kinetic energy spectra. Evidence of Kelvin and sound waves is clear in both spectra. Identification of the waves allows us to extract the spatial spectrum of Kelvin waves, clarifying their role in the transfer of energy
Highlights
Quantum turbulence is the chaotic and erratic spatiotemporal behavior observed in superfluids and BoseEinstein condensates (BECs) [1, 2]
We presented direct evidence of the presence of Kelvin waves in numerical simulations of quantum turbulence using the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE)
By looking at the space-time resolved mass density spectrum, we showed that Kelvin waves play the dominant role at scales comparable to the intervortex distance, while sound waves are excited at smaller scales
Summary
Quantum turbulence is the chaotic and erratic spatiotemporal behavior observed in superfluids and BoseEinstein condensates (BECs) [1, 2]. These waves are known as Kelvin waves In quantum fluids they are believed to play a crucial role in the turbulent energy cascade [9,10,11,12], where energy is transfered from large to small scales and it is dissipated by phonon emission [13, 14]: while at large scales vortex interaction and reconnection [15] dominate the transfer of energy, at small scales Kelvin waves are believed to interact nonlinearly exciting fluctuations at even smaller scales. There are several theoretical studies of Kelvin wave turbulence in superfluids, whose main focus is to understand nonlinear interactions and the resulting energy spectrum. Our study is done in a three-dimensional highly turbulent environment, with a large number of vortices
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