Abstract
In this study, spatio-temporal characteristics of particulate matter (PMx; x = 2.5 and 10) mass concentrations and aerosol optical properties were analyzed over the water source area of the South–North Water Diversion Central Line. For this purpose, PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations were collected at the Taocha(TC)station from October 2018 to September 2019, and aerosol optical depth (AOD) was obtained from the Cloud-Aerosol LiDAR and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite from 2007 to 2019. The monthly, seasonal, and daily statistical analyses and related comparisons were conducted in the present study. The results showed that the PM10 concentrations meet China’s ambient air secondary quality standard (100 μg/m3 annual mean), whereas PM2.5 did not meet China’s ambient air secondary quality standard (35 μg/m3 annual mean) at the TC station, no obvious seasonal and diurnal variations are observed, and these particulates are caused by local emissions and outside sources. A significant positive correlation of PM2.5 and PM10 was observed with relative humidity and temperature, whereas no relationship was found with wind direction. The results also showed low (~0.1) AOD in spring, autumn, and winter, whereas slightly higher AOD (~0.3) was observed in summer. This may be caused by straw burning from long-distance transportation. This study may provide new data support for comprehensive ecological measures such as strengthening the ecological environment and water quality protection in the Middle Route Project of the South–North Water Diversion.
Highlights
Atmospheric aerosols are solid or liquid or mixed particles suspended in the air with diameters in the range of 0.001–100 μm, while particles with diameters less than 0.1 μm are commonly referred to as ultrafine [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
The atmospheric aerosol can affect the balance of atmospheric radiation through scattering and absorption of sunlight; it can indirectly affect the radiation by changing the cloud life cycle acting as a cloud condensation nucleus [11,12]
The study of the spatio-temporal characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 particles will help researchers to better understand the properties of air pollution and provide a theoretical basis for air pollution control
Summary
Atmospheric aerosols are solid or liquid or mixed particles suspended in the air with diameters in the range of 0.001–100 μm, while particles with diameters less than 0.1 μm are commonly referred to as ultrafine [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. It is an important part of the Earth’s atmospheric environment and it has a great influence on atmospheric visibility, atmospheric radiation, surface temperature, and so on [10]. The study of the spatio-temporal characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 particles will help researchers to better understand the properties of air pollution and provide a theoretical basis for air pollution control
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