Abstract
The assessment of ecosystem service value (ESV) and their correlation with landscape patterns can provide a reference for determining the causes of ESV changes, which is important for regional ecological quality improvement and rational planning of wetland resources. Based on remote sensing interpretation data, this paper analyzed landscape patterns using landscape indices, Measured ESV in the study area from 1990 to 2019, and analyzed the relationship between ESV and landscape patterns using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results show that, along with the increase in the number of patches and landscape fragmentation in the study area, the spatial connectivity and agglomeration decreased, and the landscape characteristics became more complex and more heterogeneous. In terms of the spatial distribution of ESV, the overall pattern shows that the ESV is extremely low in the eastern region, the ESV level is highest in the central region, and the variation is greatest in the west. ESV in the coastal wetlands of Shandong Bohai Sea increased and then decreased from 345.663×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> Yuan to 321.221×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> Yuan from 1990 to 2019. There is a significant relationship between ESV and landscape patterns. On the one hand, Tidal flats and Shallow sea areas contribute the most to the ecosystem services in coastal wetland areas. On the other hand, the decline of ESV in Tidal flats and Forest-grassland is the main reason for the overall decline in the study area. There is a significant relationship between ESV and landscape pattern, where SHDI and SHEI are more significant with ESV, indicating that landscape fragmentation significantly affects regional ESV. Therefore, spatial planning and ecological protection in coastal areas should focus on protecting natural wetland resources such as Tidal flats, integrating various landscapes and thus controlling landscape fragmentation, and maintaining the ecological value and ecological environmental conditions of coastal wetlands.
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