Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading in New York State since March 2020, posing health and socioeconomic threats to many areas. Statistics of daily confirmed cases and deaths in New York State have been growing and declining amid changing policies and environmental factors. Based on the county-level COVID-19 cases and environmental factors in the state from March to December 2020, this study investigates spatiotemporal clustering patterns using spatial autocorrelation and space-time scan analysis. Environmental factors influencing the COVID-19 spread were analyzed based on the Geodetector model. Infection clusters first appeared in southern New York State and then moved to the central western parts as the epidemic developed. The statistical results of space-time scan analysis are consistent with those of spatial autocorrelation analysis. The analysis results of Geodetector showed that both temperature and population density were strong indications of the monthly incidence of COVID-19, especially in March and April 2020. There is a trend of increasing interactions between various risk factors. This study explores the spatiotemporal pattern of COVID-19 in New York State over ten months and explains the relationship between the disease transmission and influencing factors.
Highlights
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been spreading globally and seriously threatening public health worldwide [1]
Much of the previous research on COVID-19 has explored the spatiotemporal patterns of COVID-19 and the key influencing factors of its transmission
This paper investigated the spatiotemporal patterns using spatial autocorrelation and space-time scan analysis and analyses of the interaction of each pair of influencing factors of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York State between March and December 2020
Summary
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been spreading globally and seriously threatening public health worldwide [1]. Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in the United States, New York State has been severely affected by COVID-19. As of 4 January 2021, there were 515,815 total confirmed cases and 25,868 mortality cases of COVID-19 in New York State [3]. COVID-19 has seriously affected the economy of the state. To improve public health and the economic development of the state as well as of the United States, how to control and prevent the spread of COVID-19 has become a matter of paramount importance for the New York State government and infectious disease prevention centers
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