Abstract
The study of cultivated land systems from the perspective of resilience is of great significance for the innovation of the research paradigm of cultivated land use and the rational utilization and protection of cultivated land. This study aims to explain the theoretical connotations of cultivated land system resilience (CLSR), construct an evaluation system and zoning rules for CLSR, and take 30 provinces of China as case study areas to explore the influencing factors of CLSR, so as to provide a reliable governance plan for the sustainable development of cultivated land. The results show that: (1) CLSR refers to a sustainable development ability that CLS—by adjusting the structure and scale of internal elements—absorbs and adapts to internal and external disturbances and shocks to the maximum possible extent, abandons the original inapplicable state, creates a new recovery path, achieves a new balance, and avoids system recession. (2) The overall CLSR of the 30 provinces showed an upward trend, and the degree of polarization of the distribution pattern was gradually intensified and experienced a transition process from “leading by resource and ecological resilience—equilibrium of each resilience—leading by production and scale structural resilience”. (3) In the north, east, and south coastal areas of China, CLSR mainly consists of the major evolution areas and the stable development areas; the potential excitation areas of CLSR are mainly concentrated in the central and western regions of China; the CLSR-sensitive lag areas and degraded vulnerable areas are mainly distributed in the northwest and southwest of China. (4) Water resource endowment has a strong influence on CLSR, while social economy mainly influences CLSR through ‘economic foundation-superstructures’ and ‘economic development-factor agglomeration’. (5) According to the different CLSR zones, CLSR was strengthened mainly from the aspects of driving factor agglomeration, building factor free-flow systems, and multi-means support.
Highlights
Sustainable cultivated land use is vital to food security and is an important link in maintaining the sustainable development of the economy and society
Many international scholars have evaluated the resilience of agricultural systems and regions from the perspectives of the economy, stakeholder, and land use based on the adaptation theory, and have comprehensively summarized the process of agricultural adaptative changes through a variety of methods; the results show that resilience is the most important factor in the comparison of agricultural vulnerability and resilience, and that adaptability represented by resilience is an important link to achieving sustainable agricultural development—which is positively correlated with sustainability, as they complement each other [47]
This study comprehensively considered the characteristics of the cultivated land use system, and constructed an evaluation index system covering the whole process of the input and output of cultivated land use
Summary
Sustainable cultivated land use is vital to food security and is an important link in maintaining the sustainable development of the economy and society. With the rapid progress of industrialization and urbanization, quality, quantity, and ecological crises of cultivated land use have appeared in many regions of the world [1,2].The operation rules of the cultivated land use system (CLS) require further study in order to stimulate the system’s resistance to external interference, better dealing with this crisis. The coping ability of the CLS can be interpreted as cultivated land use system resilience (CLSR). Under the social–ecological system, a resource system constantly adjusts its structure to adapt to external interferences and stimulation, reduce damage, and create new development paths by virtue of its self-regulation ability and external protection power—endowed by social and economic systems—so as to improve its ability of sustainable development, which can be understood as resilience. An overview of international resilience studies shows that their research objects are gradually shifting from abstract economic resilience [5,6]
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