Abstract
From the perspective of economy and comprehensive development level, this study used the gravity model, spatial autocorrelation analysis and principal component analysis to quantitatively measure the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of multi-centers at county level in Shandong Province. The results show that the economic ties among counties in Shandong Province are getting closer and closer. By 2016, Jinan-Zibo-Qingdao and Jining, Zaozhuang have basically formed three strong economic ties. The amount of counties with high-high GDP and low-low GDP are decreasing, while the amount of counties with lowhigh GDP are increasing. The gap between the density of output value and the level of economic development is narrowing, showing a trend of multicenter development. In the future development, Shandong Province should strengthen the integration of resources within the province, form a reasonable industrial division of labor, strengthen the cooperation among enterprises, promote the regional integration construction, and realize the multi-center spatial development model of cooperation.
Highlights
With the strengthening of economic globalization and the advancement of urbanization, as the product of regional high industrialization and urbanization, polycentric urban area has gradually replaced the city and become the basic regional unit participating in international competition and division of labor [1]
The entropy method is used to give each principal component weight [11], and the comprehensive development level (CDL) of each county is calculated to measure the degree of multi-center development in Shandong
By 2016, the "line" level pattern of Shandong Province, which is paved by the eastern region led by Huangdao District of Qingdao City and the central Shandong region led by Lixia District of Jinan City, and decorated by "Shinan District-Shibei District" and "Tengzhou City-Zoucheng City", has initially formed
Summary
With the strengthening of economic globalization and the advancement of urbanization, as the product of regional high industrialization and urbanization, polycentric urban area has gradually replaced the city and become the basic regional unit participating in international competition and division of labor [1]. It is of great significance to study the development mode of multi-center city for regional follow-up development [2]. Western studies on this issue are earlier, focusing on the concept connotation, measurement and empirical research of polycentric urban area, and its application in urban planning [3,4,5,6]. In recent years, with the rapid development of Yantai, Zibo, Weifang, Dongying and other cities, the dual core development strategy has been difficult to summarize the spatial development pattern of Shandong Province
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