Abstract
Urbanization has an abundant connotation in dimensions such as population, economy, land, and society and is an important sign to measure regional economic development and social progress. The use of Night Light Data from remote sensing satellites as a proxy variable can significantly improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the measurement of urbanization development dynamics. Based on the Night Light Data and statistical data from 2015 to 2019, this paper quantitatively analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of urbanization in Guangxi and its driving mechanism using exploratory time-space data analysis, GeoDetector and Matrix: Boston Consulting Group, providing an important basis for sustainable urban development planning and scientific decision-making by the government. The findings show that (1) there is a high level of spatial heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation of urbanization in Guangxi, with the Gini index of urban night light index and urban night light expansion vitality index always greater than 0.5, the global Moran’s I greater than 0.17, the spatial differentiation converging but the spatial correlation increasing. (2) The spatial pattern of urbanization in Guangxi has long been solidified, but there is a differentiation in urban development trend, with the coexistence of urban expansion and shrinkage, requiring differentiated policy design for urban governance. (3) The development and evolution of urbanization in Guangxi present a complex intertwined dynamic mechanism of action, with interaction effects of bifactor enhancement and non-linear enhancement among factors. It should be noted that the influence of factors varies greatly, with the added value of the tertiary industry, gross domestic product, total retail sales of social consumer goods having the strongest direct effect on the urban night light index, while the added value of secondary industry, per capita GDP, gross domestic product having the strongest direct effect on the urban night light expansion vitality index. All of them are key factors, followed by some significant influence factors such as government revenue, population urbanization rate, per government revenue, population urbanization rate, per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents that should not be ignored, and the rest that play indirect roles mainly by interaction.
Highlights
Gross Domestic Product is a key factor affecting the Spatial Pattern and Dynamic Change of urbanization, as well as a super interaction factor; Per capita GDP and Added Value of Secondary Industry are key factors affecting the change of urbanization, as well as an important factor affecting the spatial pattern of urbanization, and a super interaction factor
Added Value of Tertiary Industry is a key factor influencing the spatial pattern of urbanization, an important factor influencing the change of urbanization, and an important interaction factor
Based on the remote sensing satellite night light data, we conducted an empirical study on the evolutionary characteristics of urbanization development in Guangxi and its driving mechanism from the perspective of the geospatial pattern by using GIS, a geographic probe, and the BCG model and reached the following conclusions
Summary
Urbanization embodies the process of population transfer from rural areas to cities and towns in a country or region and the gradual evolution of rural areas into urban areas. It is the transformation process and improvement of people’s lifestyle, productivity level, and quality of life. How to accurately measure the development level of urbanization as a complex process involving the economy, society, population, land, geography, and space and the dynamic mechanism of its spatio-temporal dynamic change is the first step to formulate scientific and reasonable response strategies, which has theoretical and practical meanings [5,6]
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