Spatio-temporal and species-specific variation in PBDE levels/patterns in British Columbia's coastal waters

Abstract

Congener-specific levels of PBDEs were measured in the livers and some muscle tissues of Dungeness crab ( Cancer magister), English sole ( Pleuronectes vetulus) and spiny dogfish ( Squalus acanthias). Highest concentrations (1200–560 ng/g lipid) were found in crab collected near heavily urbanized areas (pop. ∼0.3–1.8 million), followed by moderate levels at pulp/paper mills sites (∼150 ng/g), and lowest levels occurred in areas that were somewhat removed from industrial/populated areas (<24 ng/g). Temporal increases in total PBDEs and particularly in BDE-47 for Dungeness crab collected near pulp and paper and urbanized areas between 1994 and 2000 were observed. These correspond to Canadian and worldwide trends seen for PBDEs in biota. English sole and dogfish showed a pattern similar to that of the Columbia River whitefish samples, which corresponded closely to the patterns in the “penta” commercial mixture. Conversely, Dungeness crab were enriched in lower chlorinated PBDEs, particularly BDE-47 and BDE-49, compared to the fish and shark species from BC.