Abstract
Background: Socio-demographic factors are known to influence epidemic dynamics. Methods: We describe the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Nice, France, between February 28 and March 30, 2020, based on socio-demographic data and the date of lockdown. Results: Among the 1,161 residents in Nice who underwent a PCR test for SARS CoV-2, 188 were positive, 30 (16 %) of whom lived in disadvantaged sector (IRIS units with a poverty rate ≥ 35 %). The positivity rate was higher in disadvantaged sector (24 %) than in the rest of the city (15·3 %); p=0·0012. The population diagnostic rate was also higher in disadvantaged sector (81·6/100,000 inhabitants vs. 51·4/100,000; CMF = 1·59; [95 % CI: 1·45-1·74]).Before lockdown, the population diagnostic rate was comparable regardless of demographic IRIS unit: 63·4/100,000 inhabitants in disadvantaged sector vs 77·5/100,000 for the rest of the city. However, following lockdown, it was higher in disadvantaged sector: 314·0/100,000 inhabitants vs. 255·5/100,000 for the non- disadvantaged sector (p=0·05). We found a significant correlation between the number of cases and the population density (p=0·04), and an accumulation of cases in IRIS units with a higher percentage of apartment residents compared to individual family houses. Conclusion: If the indicators of density and overcrowding were confirmed on a larger scale, breaking the chain of transmission would require reconsideration of urban planning, allowing for larger living quarters, thus limiting overpopulated households in the most vulnerable areas of the cities.Funding Information: This study did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.Ethics Approval Statement: The database was registered on June 25, 2020 in the International Clinical Trials Register under the number NCT04449094 and locally in the Data protection Agency (CNIL) Register of the Nice University Hospital as an internal study on July 1, 2020
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