Spatially modulated superfluid states in fermionic optical ladder systems with repulsive interactions

Abstract

We investigate two-component ultracold fermionic atoms with repulsive interactions trapped in an optical lattice with ladder structure. By applying the Bogoliubov--de Gennes equations to an effective $t\text{\ensuremath{-}}J$ model in the strong correlation limit, we discuss how the spatially modulated spin-singlet pairs with $d$-wave-like symmetry are formed in the systems with trapping potentials. Furthermore, a close examination of the condensation energy as well as the local average of potential, kinetic, and exchange energies by means of the variational Monte Carlo method elucidates that local particle correlations enhance the stability of the superfluid state via a substantial energy gain due to singlet pairing in the high particle density region.