Abstract
Abstract. Cruising for parking stems from local mismatch between the patterns of demand and supply for parking, which reflect urban heterogeneity in a complex non-linear way. We propose ParkSage, a set of spatially-explicit algorithms for establishing spatially heterogeneous parking prices that guarantee target levels of occupation and parking search time. We apply ParkSage for establishing overnight parking prices that guarantee 85% occupation in the Israeli city of Bat Yam. We investigate the resolution of pricing units necessary for reducing cruising and demonstrate that pricing by transport analysis zones (TAZ) produces similar benefits to the commonly proposed pricing by road links, in addition to being more comprehensible to drivers.
Highlights
Demand for parking is determined by the attractiveness of destinations and as such, it varies substantially in space and time
We present ParkSage, a set of spatially-explicit algorithms that allows municipal regulators to establish and evaluate parking prices in highly heterogeneous urban space that guarantee a predefined occupancy rate based on standard GIS layers of buildings, parking lots and streets
A GIS layer of buildings that contains its use, foundation area and height serves as a proxy for estimating demand, while the layers of street links, preferably with parking permission information, and of parking lots with their total capacity, serve for estimating supply
Summary
Demand for parking is determined by the attractiveness of destinations and as such, it varies substantially in space and time. Donald Shoup championed the idea of establishing parking prices that maintain a minimal level of parking available on every block, thereby eliminating cruising for parking (Shoup, 2006) This view has made its way to practice and in recent years, a number of cities around the world have initiated pilot programs for enforcing predetermined occupation levels using Performance Prices (e.g. SFMTA, 2014; SDOT, 2019). We present ParkSage, a set of spatially-explicit algorithms that allows municipal regulators to establish and evaluate parking prices in highly heterogeneous urban space that guarantee a predefined occupancy rate based on standard GIS layers of buildings, parking lots and streets. A GIS layer of buildings that contains its use (residential/office/commercial), foundation area and height serves as a proxy for estimating demand, while the layers of street links, preferably with parking permission information, and of parking lots with their total capacity, serve for estimating supply
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