Abstract
ABSTRACT Irrigated fruit growing in the São Francisco Valley has been standing out in the Northeast region of Brazil and the incorrect management of fertilization has caused problems of physical and / or chemical degradation of the soil. The work aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of the chemical attributes of a Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (Oxisol) grown with banana (Musa spp). The study was carried out in the irrigated perimeter of Nupeba in Riachão das Neves / BA. In an area cultivated for 18 years with silver banana fertigated by micro sprinkling. In April 2017 simple soil samples were collected at depths of 0 -0.20 m and 0.20 -0.40 m, from an experimental grid consisting of 40 georeferenced points and spaced every 10 meters. The soil samples determined: pH (H2O); Organic carbon; Phosphorus (P); Potassium (K+); Calcium (Ca2+); Magnesium (Mg2+) and Potential acidity (H + Al) and the sum of bases (BS), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and base saturation (V%) were calculated. The results of the analyses were evaluated using descriptive statistics and the geostatistics technique. The descriptive analysis identified the normality of the data. The spatial variability was confirmed, allowing the making of maps. The analyzed area has low fertility (V <55%) and the inadequate management of soil correction and fertilization can reduce the availability of nutrients for the implanted crop, making the soil susceptible to degradation with the use of irrigation. The distribution maps allow the visualization of the area, allowing the application of inputs with varying rates, aiming at homogenizing the soil fertility.
Highlights
Fruit production in Brazil has a volume of 40.5 million tons (GERUM et al, 2019), being considered the third world fruit producer, behind only China and India, this volume represents 5% of the world fruit crop production (FAO, 2016)
Among the fruits cultivated in Brazil, banana (Musa spp.) is in second place in production volume being responsible for 16.7% of the national production, behind only citrus that represent 48.2% of the national production
To Bottega et al (2013), the variability of chemical attributes is a representation of the interaction of formation processes and management practices carried out in the soil, such as the application of correctives and fertilizers and probably, due to this, the CV% values for these variables were greater than 35%
Summary
Fruit production in Brazil has a volume of 40.5 million tons (GERUM et al, 2019), being considered the third world fruit producer, behind only China and India, this volume represents 5% of the world fruit crop production (FAO, 2016). Studies by Lima et al (2015) and Vian et al (2016), showed that the determination of soil variability using technological tools such as geostatistics is essential for the correct soil-plantatmosphere interaction, as it allows different application of water according to the needs of each area (management specific), favoring yield optimization, increasing the efficiency of inputs, maximizing benefits and reducing costs. The use of geostatistics can enhance the increase in Brazilian fruit production, due to the ability to determine specific management zones for effective correction of crop needs in the management of soil and water (MATIAS et al, 2019). The present work aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of soil chemical attributes in a banana-cultivated area in the irrigated perimeter of Nupeba-Riacho Grande, western Bahia
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