Spatial variability of surface water runoff and sedimentary output of the Sartka Valley Basin using the KINEROS simulation model

Abstract

Abstract: The amount of water seeping into ground is varied across the study area، so the central region have a rich groundwater reservoirs due to higher water seeping ratio into the ground. - Runoff is concentrated in the most northeastern parts of the basin، and this runoff is useful in the application of water harvesting methods of various types. It is useful in the design of small dams and ponds، then constructing a dam with medium capacity at the estuary of the basin in order to collect excess water of the study area. The study recommended establishment of weather station and hydrological cross sections to measure discharge of the catchment، it also recommend using the flood water to feed and recharge the underground stock and rising groundwater table. Forecasting the water yield and the sedimentary output that results from a rainstorm on the river basins has not taken a large place in the hydrological studies yet، so one of the unmeasured catchment of temporary flow (Sartaka basin) was chosen for this study، it locates the extreme southwest of Shaqlawa district. The basin originates from the southern slopes of Safin mountain، which is a tributary of the Gomaspan basin. Earlier but especially in the recent years the geography has witnessed using the application of modern methods، including quantitative programs and techniques، to reach more accurate results far from description and generalization. Therefore، the study seeks to find solutions for water harvesting and reducing the manifestations of water scarcity in the study area، by modeling and simulating the relationship between climatic variables on the one hand، and surface water runoff and sedimentary product on the other hand، through experimental and programmatic methods using the (KINEROS) tool. The importance of the study is solving the water scarcity in the region and reshaping and organizing the environment of the area for the sake of developing social life in general. This study has come to end with some conclusions as stated below: - The feeding source of the basin is rainwater، which falls and takes place in the valleys during the rainy season.