Abstract
Agricultural non-point source pollution refers that substance such as nitrogen and phosphorus cause water environment pollution through surface runoff and underground leakage in agricultural production activities. Water environment pollution related to agricultural non-point source pollution in the Huaihe River Basin is becoming more and more prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the characteristic of soil nutrient in cultivated land and explore the spatial variation and influencing factors of soil nutrients at the watershed scale. A total of 239 topsoil samples were collected from the Guo river basin, and the related factors of soil organic matter (SOM), total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP), total potassium (TK) and potential of hydrogen (PH) were studied by using descriptive statistics and geostatistical methods. The results showed that TK and PH were weak variation, while SOM, TC, TN and TP were medium variation. Soil pH, TP, TK, TC and SOM had moderate spatial variability, which was caused by both random factors and structural factors such as soil texture, soil type, fertilization and local ecological restoration management. Soil TN showed a strong spatial correlation, mainly due to soil texture and soil type. If the recommended fertilization amount is still given based on the average value of soil nutrients ignoring the spatial heterogeneity, it will not only affect crop production efficiency and fertilizer utilization, but may also cause greater environmental pollution. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the management of agro-ecological environments throughout the basin area.
Highlights
The results show that the average values of soil organic matter (SOM), total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP), and TK were 14.85, 0.78, 0.54, 0.83, and 20.90 g/kg, respectively
According to the nutrient classification standard of the second national soil survey, the content of TK and TP reached the second high level standard, the SOM content was at the middle to low level of the fourth grade, and the TN content was at the low level of the fifth grade
The results of the study show that the content of TK and TP reached the second high level standard, the SOM content was at the middle to low level of the fourth grade, and the TN content was at the low level of the fifth grade
Summary
The Guo River Basin belongs to the backbone drainage channel of the Huai River Basin across the Henan and Anhui provinces. The interannual variation of the measured runoff is highly significant. It is one of the areas with the most frequent agricultural activities. Due to the large amount of soil fertilizer input, and most of the arable land in the watershed adopts winter wheat and summer maize cultivation methods, the multiple cropping index is high, and frequent irrigation, etc., cause a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus to be lost with the water into the water body of the Guo The eutrophication of water bodies leads to the accumulation of nitrate in agricultural products, potentially threatening the health of humans and animals. It is necessary to analyze and study the soil nutrient status of cultivated land in this area
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