Abstract
Abstract. Land degradation and desertification have been ranked as a major environmental issue for arid and semi-arid regions is a comprehensive concept that depends on many factors. Detecting early land degradation is a significant issue of social and environmental with geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing methods has been used for the interpretation of spatial-temporal data. In this study, the assessment of the current state of land degradation is influenced by several complexes of the natural and anthropological causes. The results of land degradation assessment carried out for Bulgan province of Mongolia using multi-temporal resourced data as climate condition (vegetation growing season of temperature and precipitation), land use type (density of seasonal camps of herder households, roads, cropland, settlements) and MODIS vegetation product data were used to estimate land degradation change period from 2000 to 2018 and accessed it’s for effecting on degradation over last 19 years. We obtained a prediction of land degradation integrated with indicators and based on the spatial pattern of human influence. One of the main indicators for land degradation was land use type as pasture usage of livestock husbandry in Bulgan province, overgrazing is the most widespread cause of land degradation, particularly around permanent location of herders and livestock affecting about moderately and slightly degraded land is 72.78% of study total area.
Highlights
Desertification is a defined as land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas resulting from many factors such as climate change and human activities by United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) (Nachtergaele et al 2008; Spruce et al 2011)
When land degradation occurs in dryland, it often creates desert-like conditions (Sterk and Stoorvogel, 2020) due to lack of moisture supply, limited rainfall, and significant fluctuation of the seasonal temperature
The meteorological precipitation data used in spatial distribution analysis of Rainfall-Use Efficiency (RUE)
Summary
Desertification is a defined as land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas resulting from many factors such as climate change and human activities by United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) (Nachtergaele et al 2008; Spruce et al 2011). Land degradation and desertification mean which is a process loss of terrestrial ecosystem or declining biological productivity (METM, 2014) In other words, it means the loss of ecosystems or the population of living organisms and their habitats. It means the loss of ecosystems or the population of living organisms and their habitats It occurs as a result of changes in dynamic processes such as climate (drought, increase in extreme phenomena of climatic elements), hydrology (decline in groundwater level), soil (soil salinization), vegetation (loss of vegetation cover), and biodiversity (species decrease or extinction) (Dash, 2010). Areas with arid, semi-arid, and lack of moisture are more sensitive to natural and human impacts It leads to poverty and malnutrition due to economic slowdown followed by a decline in biological production
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