Abstract
SUMMARY: The present study aimed to identify and quantify the dimethyl acetal (DMA) levels in the muscle of Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797, and to investigate the possible influence of octopus feeding ecology on their spatial and seasonal variations. The research was performed over one year in three areas of the Portuguese coast: Viana do Castelo, Cascais and Tavira. Significantly higher values of DMA were detected in Tavira (p<0.05), an area where the importance of bivalves in the octopus’ diet was higher. The biochemical analyses performed in several prey items, belonging to five major taxonomic groups identified in octopus stomachs, revealed significant differences in DMA levels (p<0.05). The highest values were obtained in bivalves (1.15 mg 100 g -1 dry weight), followed by gastropods (0.74 mg 100g -1 dw), cephalopods (0.67 mg 100 g-1 dw), crustaceans (0.23 mg 100 g-1 dw) and osteichthyes (0.10 mg 100 g-1 dw). Therefore, based on these findings it can be speculated that the higher DMA levels in O. vulgaris obtained in Tavira throughout the year were evidence of its feeding ecology. Since DMAs are derived from ether glycerophospholipids, including plasmalogens (PLMs), the importance and role of this phospholipid class is discussed.
Highlights
In the animal kingdom, the main phospholipid classes are phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), cardiolipine (CL)and plasmalogens (PLMs) (Seewald and Eichinger, 1989; Drokin, 1993)
PLMs, whose cellular functions have not been established yet (Zoeller et al, 1999), are characterised by the presence of an aldehydic chain attached to a glycerol backbone through a vinyl ether linkage (Malins and Varanasi, 1972; Horrocks and Sharma, 1980) and by a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than
It is known that longchain aldehydes are released from ether glycerophospholipids on hydrolysis, and dimethyl acetals (DMAs) are formed from methylation of PLM aldehydes during esterification of phospholipids (Salih et al, 1988)
Summary
The main phospholipid classes are phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), cardiolipine (CL)and plasmalogens (PLMs) (Seewald and Eichinger, 1989; Drokin, 1993). PLMs, whose cellular functions have not been established yet (Zoeller et al., 1999), are characterised by the presence of an aldehydic chain attached to a glycerol backbone through a vinyl ether (alkenyl) linkage (Malins and Varanasi, 1972; Horrocks and Sharma, 1980) and by a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than. Their presence has been shown in a number of marine organisms (Rapport and Alonzo, 1960; Dembitsky, 1979; Sargent, 1989; Jeong et al, 1999; Kikuchi et al, 1999). The present work was initiated to confirm the identification of the DMA peak by mass spectrometry (GC/MS)
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