Abstract
A huge amount of organic waste is generated annually around the globe. The main sources of solid and liquid organic waste are municipalities and canning and food industries. Most of it is disposed of in an environmentally unfriendly way since none of the modern recycling technologies can cope with such immense volumes of waste. Microbiological and biotechnological approaches are extremely promising for solving this environmental problem. Moreover, organic waste can serve as the substrate to obtain alternative energy, such as biohydrogen (H2) and biomethane (CH4). This work aimed to design and test new technology for the degradation of food waste, coupled with biohydrogen and biomethane production, as well as liquid organic leachate purification. The effective treatment of waste was achieved due to the application of the specific granular microbial preparation. Microbiological and physicochemical methods were used to measure the fermentation parameters. As a result, a four-module direct flow installation efficiently couples spatial succession of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria with other micro- and macroorganisms to simultaneously recycle organic waste, remediate the resulting leachate, and generate biogas.
Highlights
Our world generates annually over 2.01 billion tons of solid and liquid organic waste from municipalities and canning and food industries [1,2,3,4,5]. Most of it is disposed of in environmentally unfriendly way since none of the modern recycling technologies can cope with such immense volumes of waste
These highly concentrated volatile fatty acids inhibit the growth of methanogens and primary anaerobes (Clostridium spp.), which slows the waste decay and pollutes the environment [15,16,17]
The entire fermentation process took only 54 h, during which the weight of solid food waste dropped by 55-fold. This was accompanied by the high hydrogen yield of 73 L/kg of total solids and a maximum H2 concentration of 46.0 ± 5.1%
Summary
Our world generates annually over 2.01 billion tons of solid and liquid organic waste from municipalities and canning and food industries [1,2,3,4,5] Most of it is disposed of in environmentally unfriendly way since none of the modern recycling technologies can cope with such immense volumes of waste. The analysis of landfill leachate collected near Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, revealed fatty acids levels ranging between 1646 and 22,000 mg/L and 959.65 mg/L for C6–C8 and C9–C10 compounds [14] These highly concentrated volatile fatty acids inhibit the growth of methanogens and primary anaerobes (Clostridium spp.), which slows the waste decay and pollutes the environment [15,16,17]
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