Spatial Patterns and Distribution of Disasters in the OIC Member Countries

Abstract

Member countries of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) are exposed to a large number of natural and technological hazards, and many characteristics of these countries make them particularly vulnerable to the impacts of these hazards. As a result, most of the OIC member countries are among the most disaster-prone areas of the world and have experienced a significant number of disasters, human casualties, and economic losses during the past century. While studies have been done to map and describe the patterns of disasters at international and country levels, little research has examined disaster patterns and their distributions at the OIC level. A better understanding of such patterns and trends could help these countries to enhance mutual learning and sharing of experiences by creating common institutional frameworks. Hazard and disaster mapping is a critical step in determining the risk to populations, infrastructure, and economic activities. This article reviews and maps disasters and thei...