Spatial pattern change condition of coral reef ecosystem and its correlation with marine tourism at Nusa Dua and Nusa Penida, Bali

Abstract

Coastal and marine resources are very important for the sustainable livelihood. It must be managed to be sustainable and integrated optimally. Marine tourism is one of the coastal and marine services, which consists of many resources, like coral reef ecosystem, fishing and others. Marine tourism is main tourism attractions in Bali, which is potential to become one of the world class marine tourism and ecotourism destinations. This research method uses Lyzenga method for coral reefs management data by the remote sensing which are Landsat 7 ETM + and Landsat 8 OLI. The remote sensing processed to get the result in shapefile form data. Based on method of analysis, the result from this research survey conducted by CTC with the Department of Animal Husbandry, Fishery and Marine (DPPK) Nusa Penida, Klungkung regency was obtained at depth of 3 and 10 meters. Around16 percent is living coral reef. Nusa Penida area ranges from 70% to 75% consisting of soft coral reef in average of 29.8%, and hard coral reef in average of 40.3%. The percentage of results at Mengiat Beach showed 66% of bleaching coral, 2% at the most, 11% normal, 2% overgrowth algae, and dead coral by 19%. The tourism sector in Nusa Dua, Bali can be determined from the value of total local travelers and total economic benefit of tourism location (TB). It shows that the tourism activity as a sector that gives financial income, but giving attention to physical environment is also needed as a balance for the environment and economic value in Nusa Dua and Nusa Penida, Bali.