Spatial Mismatch between the Supply and Demand of Urban Leisure Services with Multisource Open Data

Yue Deng,Jiping Liu,An Luo,Fenzhen Su,Shenghua Xu,Yong Wang,Fu Ren

doi:10.3390/ijgi9080466

Abstract

Understanding the balance between the supply and demand of leisure services (LSs) in urban areas can benefit urban spatial planning and improve the quality of life of residents. In cities in developing countries, the pursuit of rapid economic growth has ignored residents’ demand for LSs, thereby leading to a high demand for and short supply of these services. However, due to the lack of relevant research data, few studies have focused on the spatial mismatch in the supply and demand of LSs in urban areas. As typical representatives of multisource geographic data, social sensing data are readily available at various temporal and spatial scales, thus making social sensing data ideal for quantitative urban research. The objectives of this study are to use openly accessible datasets to explore the spatial pattern of the supply and demand of LSs in urban areas and then to depict the relationship between the supply and demand by using correlation analysis. Therefore, taking Beijing, China, as an example, the LS supply index (SI) and societal needs index (SNI) are proposed based on open data to reflect the supply and demand of LSs. The results show that the spatial distribution of the LS supply and demand in Beijing varies with a concentric pattern from the urban center to suburban areas. There is a strong correlation between the supply and demand of commercial and multifunctional services in Chaoyang, Fengtai, Haidian and Shijingshan, but there is no obvious correlation between the supply and demand of ecological and cultural services in Beijing. Especially in Dongcheng and Xicheng, there is no obvious correlation between the supply and demand of all services. The proposed approach provides an effective urban LS supply and demand evaluation method. In addition, the research results can provide a reference for the construction of “happy cities” in China.

Highlights

Urbanization, as a global phenomenon, has one of the most irreversible impacts on the global biosphere [1,2]
The societal needs index (SNI) is higher in the center of the study area than at the edges, the value is lower in the west than in the east, and the value is higher in the north than in the south
The results indicate that for business leisure (BL) and multifunctional leisure (ML) services, the supply index (SI) in most regions in Beijing was positively correlated with the SNI, and there was no significant correlation between the SI and SNI in ecological leisure (EL) and cultural leisure (CL) services

Summary

Introduction

Urbanization, as a global phenomenon, has one of the most irreversible impacts on the global biosphere [1,2]. D (2014) predicted that with the acceleration of urbanization, by 2050, more than 70% of the global population will live in cities. One of the main consequences of the population explosion and economic prosperity is the serious conflict between the increased demand and lack of resources in urban areas. This very same phenomenon brings more inequality worldwide, with some areas benefiting more from public investments and economic growth than others [4,5]

Objectives

Results

Conclusion