Abstract
In this work, a 2-D gridded air pollution map with a high resolution of 50 × 50 m2 was proposed to help the exposure assessment studies focusing on the association between air pollutants and their health effects. To establish a reliable air pollution map in a 2 × 2 km2 urban area, a mobile monitoring procedure and a data process were developed. Among the various vehicle-related air pollutants, the particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pPAH) was chosen as a sensitive indicator. The average pPAH concentration on major roads (293.1 ng/m3) was found to be 35 times higher than that at a background location (8.4 ng/m3). Based on the cell-based pPAH concentrations, the 50 × 50 m2 cells in the air pollution map were categorized into five pollution levels. The higher air pollution levels were generally shown by the cells close to the major traffic emission points. The proposed map can be used to make various policies regarding land use and traffic flow control in urban areas. Estimation of the personal exposure level to air pollutants is possible at a reliable location using the highly resolved 2-D gridded air pollution map in exposure assessment studies.
Highlights
Air quality is managed by monitoring criteria pollutants listed in the air quality standards at fixed stations
Among the concentrations of several particulate and gaseous pollutants measured by the instruments installed in the mobile laboratory (ML) during the 5-day measurement period, the particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pPAH) concentration was chosen for establishing the 2-D gridded air pollution map
Among various traffic-related air changes in air pollutants would provide more reliable data to link with an estimate of the prevalence pollutants, pPAH was selected as an indicator of vehicle emission
Summary
Air quality is managed by monitoring criteria pollutants listed in the air quality standards at fixed stations. Emissions from traffic is a dominant source of air pollutants in urban areas, which have a significant spatial difference in air pollution levels according to their proximity from roadways [1]. Because traffic hotspots are unevenly distributed in highly populated areas, air pollution near roadways is of great concern [2,3]. In 2012, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified diesel engine exhaust as being carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) [4]. Due to the high toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), they have been widely studied among diesel engine exhaust [5,6,7]
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