Spatial Groundwater Modelling of Micro Watersheds – A case study at Junewani watershed, Hingna Taluk, Nagpur, Maharashtra

Abstract

A model is a simplified representation of the complex natural world. The groundwater model provides a quantitative framework for synthesizing field information and for conceptualizing hydrogeological purposes. The present study aims to utilize remotely sensed data, Geographical Information System (GIS), and limited flow modeling to identify the groundwater recharge management practices carried out in the Junewani watershed of the Nagpur district. In this study, Modflow-NWT, in conjunction with spatial analyses, is used for modeling Groundwater flow in Junewani Watershed located at 78.90°E and 21.03°N in Nagpur District, Maharashtra. Since minimal data on flow parameters are available and aquifer systems are also heterogeneous, water level data observed from dug wells has also been used to generate the groundwater flow directions. The study area consists of 1st, 2nd and 3rd order streams and is covered with Black cotton soil and Vesicular Basalt underneath. Watershed boundary conditions, elevation details, drainage patterns, layer properties, permeability values, average rainfall, etc. are given as input for the model. The initial input data has been procured from GSDA Nagpur and through field observations. This study discusses the micro watershed groundwater modeling carried out mainly in a spatial environment supported by results of limited flow modelling, but the results and insights from this study will help in better understanding the GW flow regime after the recharge decisions were taken and the recharge practices were operated. It has been observed that recharge practices in surface dams and desilting have been beneficial at some places, while groundwater has decreased at other places. Thus it helps in decision making regarding the development of GW recharge and utilization.