Spatial Equity with Census Population Data vs. Floating Population Data: The Distribution of Earthquake Evacuation Shelters in Daegu, South Korea

Yoon Ha Lee,Won Hwa Hong,Ji Soo Lee,Seung Chan Baek

doi:10.3390/su12198046

Yoon Ha Lee, Won Hwa Hong + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198046

Copy DOI

Abstract

The spatial equity of outdoor evacuation sites designated for emergency evacuation must be secured. In particular, public administrators must ensure spatial equity in preparing for unpredictable evacuation demands, such as earthquakes. This study analyzed the spatial equity of earthquake evacuation shelters in Daegu, South Korea, by using population data at the local level by time- and date-based mobile phone location data (i.e., floating population data). We compared our analysis of the spatial equity and error rate in this case with census data. Ultimately, our results demonstrate that the use of census population data can cause significant error in evaluations of the equity of evacuation shelter accessibility when the floating population data acquired through mobile phone location data are assumed exact.

Highlights

Evacuation is the default emergency management option to ensure public safety in disaster situations
Numerous existing studies on earthquake shelter location selection have focused on physical criteria (e.g., [2,3,4,5,6,7]) and efficiency during the evacuation process (e.g., [8,9,10])
The concept of equity has not received much attention compared to physical conditions and efficiency when addressing public facility location selection problems, it is important to minimize inequality in public services and secure equity, for outdoor evacuation sites designated for emergency evacuation in situations in which evacuation demand is difficult to predict, such as earthquakes

Summary

Introduction

Evacuation is the default emergency management option to ensure public safety in disaster situations. Effective evacuation plans used during earthquake responses play an essential role in emergency management. Of late, these plans have drawn attention from numerous researchers because they have been shown to significantly reduce the number of fatalities and injuries in emergencies [1]. The spatial distribution and setup of earthquake shelters are regarded as important factors in creating evacuation process plans. Numerous existing studies on earthquake shelter location selection have focused on physical criteria (e.g., [2,3,4,5,6,7]) and efficiency during the evacuation process (e.g., [8,9,10]). Because earthquake evacuation shelters are public goods, they should be characterized by equitable spatial distribution, giving all residents equal protection in the event of an earthquake

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion