Spatial Distribution of Weed Seed Banks in the Agricultural Field and Anthropized Cerrado

Klayton Antonio Do Lago Lopes,Washington Da Silva Sousa,Marcelo De Sousa Silva,José Roberto Brito Freitas,Taciella Fernandes Silva,Tiago Vieira Da Costa,Leonardo Bernardes Taverny De Oliveira,Edmilson Igor Bernardo Almeida,Ismênia Ribeiro De Oliveira,Leandro Dos Santos Costa

doi:10.5296/jas.v8i2.16031

Klayton Antonio Do Lago Lopes, Washington Da Silva Sousa + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i2.16031

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Abstract

Characterization of the seeds bank is an essential tool for decision making on weed control and management practices and the study and maintenance of the ecological dynamics of natural areas. In this context, the present study aimed to characterize the spatial variability of the seeds bank in an experimental agricultural field and an anthropized cerrado area, using the ordinary kriging geostatistical technique. Sampling was carried out on 10x10 regular grids in two different environments. Area 01 consisted of an experimental agricultural field of annual crops (soy and corn); area 02 represented the anthropized cerrado. The sample grids consisted of 25 points collected at a depth of 0.00-0.20 m. The soil samples were placed in 6.38 dm3 and 0.05 m² plastic containers. Spatial distribution maps of the species found have been drawn up, grouped in dicotyledonous, monocotyledonous, and total density, in addition, the density of three weeds most found in each area. The weed seed bank present strong spatial variability to 01 and 02, which indicates behavior in spots or in patches for both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants, especially Mollugo verticillata L. and Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. in the experimental field, and for Richardia scabra L. and Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. in the anthropized cerrado. The ordinary kriging technique made it possible to map the weed seed bank and, therefore, it may work as an efficient tool in controlling weeds in agricultural fields, especially in its pre-emergence phase. Furthermore, it can assist in the recovery of native anthropized vegetation.

Highlights

Weeds are constantly adapted to disturbed environments, mainly due to linked factors into seed such as high yield, efficient dispersion, longevity, and especially dormancy
The present study aimed to characterize the spatial variability of the seeds bank in an experimental agricultural field and an anthropized cerrado area, using the ordinary kriging geostatistical technique
Spatial distribution maps of the species found have been drawn up, grouped in dicotyledonous, monocotyledonous, and total density, in addition, the density of three weeds most found in each area

Summary

Introduction

Weeds are constantly adapted to disturbed environments, mainly due to linked factors into seed such as high yield, efficient dispersion, longevity, and especially dormancy. These characteristics facilitate the formation of extensive seed banks in the soil, which enables the regenerative capacity of several species, even in the absence of long-term seed production, making them the main obstacle to weed control (Silva et al, 2014). Seed bank characterization is an important decision-making tool for control practices and weed management (Monquero and Christoffoleti, 2005). The main purpose of any weed management system is to modify the environment in a way to prevent the development of the weed community through the specific or combined use of different control practices to reduce

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