Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:to describe the epidemiological clinical profile of tuberculosis and analyze the spatial distribution of cases in a municipality in the state of São Paulo. Method:descriptive and ecological study of cases of tuberculosis through the records in an information system. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate central tendency (mean) and chi-square test, with Yates correction or Fisher exact test, when necessary. The Kernel technique was also used to calculate the occurrence densities of tuberculosis cases, using a radius of 1000 meters. Type I error was set at 5%. Results:299 cases of tuberculosis were identified, with 290 (96.98%) being geocoded. The majority of these were male (n = 212; 70.91%), median age 40 years, and the pulmonary clinical form was predominant (n = 244, 81.60%). The distribution occurred in a non-random manner, observing important areas of the municipality with a higher density of cases of the disease. Conclusion:the study evidenced an epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases similar to those in the literature; however, their distribution does not occur in a random manner, pointing to specific population groups that require greater management and planning of health services for the control of tuberculosis.
Highlights
MethodTuberculosis (TB) has been present in mankind for about 8,000 years(1) being considered as a serious but curable disease
It is estimated that in 2014 around 9.6 million TB cases occurred worldwide, with 6 million new cases and Brazil ranks 16th in terms of incidence within the 22 countries that account for 80% of the world TB burden, with a mortality rate of 2.6 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, excluding the positive cases of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)(2)
Considering the worrisome epidemiological scenario of TB, in 2014 the World Health Organization (WHO), in the framework of the Sustainable Development Objectives, established the End TB strategy aiming to reduce 95% of mortality and 90% of TB incidence for the year 2035, using as baseline the 2015 indicators, as well as the elimination of the disease by 2050(2). To reach these goals, there is a deadlock in the access and use of technologies that aid in the diagnosis and treatment of TB since in 2014 approximately three million people were unable to access health services worldwide(2)
Summary
MethodTuberculosis (TB) has been present in mankind for about 8,000 years(1) being considered as a serious but curable disease. Considering the worrisome epidemiological scenario of TB, in 2014 the World Health Organization (WHO), in the framework of the Sustainable Development Objectives, established the End TB strategy aiming to reduce 95% of mortality and 90% of TB incidence for the year 2035, using as baseline the 2015 indicators, as well as the elimination of the disease by 2050(2). To reach these goals, there is a deadlock in the access and use of technologies that aid in the diagnosis and treatment of TB since in 2014 approximately three million people were unable to access health services worldwide(2)
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