SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SPONTANEOUS PRODUCTION OF Attalea maripa (Aubl) Mart. IN THE LOW TOCANTINS

Raimundo Dionízio Pinto Brito,Renato Alves Texeira,Paulo Roberto Da Silva Farias,Nara Elisa Lobato Rodrigues,Fabio Júnior De Oliveira

doi:10.1590/0100-29452017694

Raimundo Dionízio Pinto Brito, Renato Alves Texeira + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452017694

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The production of biofuels from native Amazonian palm trees, belonging to the family of Arecaceae, like Attalea maripa (Aubl) Mart. (Maripa palm), are objects of studies of alternative energy sources for the biofuels production. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate the spatial dynamics of agronomic variables of Maripa palm crop production associated with the characteristics of the sampling sites in a spontaneous growth area in the Low Tocantins region. 100 palms of A. maripa were selected, of spontaneous growth and in production phase, on a 10 ha area in the municipality of Cametá / PA, in which the morpho-agronomical variables were collected (MIN, FIN, ABN, LN, DBH, AWAB and AFW), from January 2014 to June 2014. The semivariograms were produced for each variable, which presented a spatial dependence range of 75 meters to MIN, FIN, AWAB and AFW, 80 meters to LN and DBH and 98 meters to ABN. The area of reach found was 17,671.5 m² for MIN, FIN, AWAB and AFW variables, 20,106.2 m² for LN and DBH and 30,171.9 m² for ABN. The data of the variables were adjusted to the spherical model presenting determination coefficient (R²) that ranged from 0.57 to 0.99. The spatial dependence index (SDI) for MIN and FIN variables was 0.49 and 0.31, respectively, indicating moderate spatial dependence. For ABN, LN, DBH and AWAB variables ranged from 0.17 to 0.22, resulting in poor spatial dependence. The AFW variable presented SDI of 0.77. For the visual analysis of the spatial distribution of the studied variables, kriging maps were created.

Highlights

Negative environmental impacts in Amazonia, caused mainly by disordered deforestation, inadequate agricultural practices, livestock and illegal occupation of public land, have led to the disappearance of large areas of primary forests and strong soil degradation, resulting in the emergence of large almost homogeneous populations of palm trees, mainly from Attalea maripa (Aubl) Mart. (MIRANDA; RABELO, 2008).Many species of the Arecaceae family have fruits and seeds with high oil content, with economic potential and a perspective of important appreciation for the region (PALLET, 2002)
The soils of the region are poor in primary minerals responsible for the replacement of exchangeable bases in the soil (CRAVO et al, 2007)
Semivariograms were elaborated for each studied variable (Figure 2A to G), which presented a spatial dependence range of 75 meters for male inflorescence number (MIN), FIN, average weight of the androgynous bunch (AWAB) and average fruit weight (AFW), 80 meters for leaves number (LN) and diameter at breast height (DBH) and 98 meters for androgynous bunch number (ABN) (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Many species of the Arecaceae family have fruits and seeds with high oil content, with economic potential and a perspective of important appreciation for the region (PALLET, 2002). According to Miranda and Rabelo (2008), this oleaginous species, mainly destined to the feeding of traditional populations, can form the basis of a self-sustaining technological development model. Among the palm trees known as “invasive”, deserves attention the Maripa palm, from the Arecaceae family, it is distributed in the tropical rainforest of the north of South America, mainly in Brazil, occurring in the states of Acre, Maranhão, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia and Roraima (MORTON et al, 2005). From the fruit is extracted a clear and transparent oil, with excellent physicochemical properties for cooking, as well as raw material for biodiesel production (MOTA; FRANÇA, 2008)

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